The requirement for a formal access control system when handling Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI) is crucial due to the highly sensitive and classified nature of this information. SCI is subject to strict security protocols, and a formal access control system helps ensure that only individuals with the appropriate clearance and a legitimate need to know can access such information.
This system includes measures such as background checks, secure storage, and access logs, all designed to protect the integrity and confidentiality of SCI. Effective access control reduces the risk of unauthorized exposure and ensures compliance with national security regulations, which is essential in the context of national defense and intelligence operations.
While other options might tangentially relate to security, they do not sufficiently emphasize the structured approach necessary for handling SCI. For instance, a basic security clearance is necessary, but it alone does not guarantee the oversight and restrictions provided by a formal access control system. Similarly, written permission from supervisors and general knowledge of the contents do not adequately address the level of systemic security structure required to safeguard sensitive compartmented information. Thus, the formal access control system is the key requirement.